Conversion Chart - Gulf Coast Air & Hydraulics

HELPFUL FLUID POWER FORMULAS & CONVERSIONS

Hydraulic Formulas

Fluid Pressure (PSI) = Force (pounds)/Area (sq. in.)
Cylinder Area (sq. in.) = 3.1416 x Radius (inch)(sq.)
Cylinder Force (pounds) = Pressure (psi) x Area (sq. in.)
Cylinder Speed (ft./sec.) = (231 x gpm)/(12 x 60 x Area)
Hydraulic Horsepower = Pressure (psi) x gpm/1714
Fluid Motor Torque (in. lbs.) = Pressure (psi) x disp (cu.In./rev.)/6.2822
Fluid Motor Speed (rpm) = (231 x gpm)/disp. (cu. In.)
Fluid Motor Horsepower = Torque (in. lbs.) x rpm/63025
Pump Output Flow (gpm) = (Speed (rpm) x disp. (cu. In.))/231
Pump Input Horsepower = gpm x Pressure (psi)/1714 x eff.

General Rules

Horsepower for driving a pump: For every 1 hp of drive, the equivalent of 1 gpm @ 1500 psi can be produced. Horsepower for idling a pump: To idle a pump when it is unloaded will require about 5% of it’s full rated power. Wattage for heating hydraulic oil: Each watt will raise the temperature of 1 gallon of oil by 1° F. per hour. Flow velocity in hydraulic line: Pump suction lines 2 to 4 feet per second, lines up to 500psi – 10 to 15 ft./sec. Pressure lines 500 to 3000 psi – 15 to 20 ft./sec.; all oil lines in air-over-oil systems; 4ft./sec.

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